Japan Economic Foundation's Japan SPOTLIGHT (#158) Special Interview: "Intersection Between Language & Culture: Probing Japan’s Deaf/deaf Society"

Japan SPOTLIGHT, November/December 2024 Issue (#158)

Link: https://www.jef.or.jp/jspotlight/backnumber/detail/258/

Click the link above and scroll down to:

Click, or follow the link below for the whole special interview: https://www.jef.or.jp/journal/pdf/258th_Special_Interview.pdf

The Japan Economic Foundation (JEF) was established in July 1981 with authorization from the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) to deepen mutual understanding between Japan and other countries through activities aimed at promoting economic and technological exchanges. With this goal in mind, JEF engages in a broad range of activities; it provides information about Japan and arranges opportunities to exchange ideas among opinion leaders from many countries in such fields as industry, government administration, academia and politics in order to break down the barriers to mutual understanding.

Link: https://www.jef.or.jp/en/

VAoJ is grateful for the JEF interview and the opportunity to bring the Japanese Deaf research to a broader audience.

Announcement of Conference Presentation:「Intersectionality in Japanese Deaf Communities」

「Intersectionality in Japanese Deaf Communities」

Abstract: Are Deaf people in Japan simply disabled, or a linguistic minority, or both? Various physical conditions and individual situations combine to determine access to social welfare, attitudes, identities and language use. Not all deaf people are the same. And Japan itself is not as homogeneous as many believe it to be. An estimated 5 percent of Japan’s population belong to minority groups that suffer from societal oppression. What happens when a deaf individual belongs to one or more of these other minorities? Intersectionality, which emerged from Black feminists in the United States, is a framework that acknowledges and explores concurrent identities and ensuing injustices: racism, sexism, gender discrimination, ableism and other inequalities. This presentation, based upon academic theories, the efforts of activists and my own years of fieldwork, will describe diversity and intersectionality found in deaf communities in Japan, specifically Deaf/LGBTQ+, Deaf/Zainichi Korean and Deaf/Blind groups.

SouthWest Conference on Asian Studies
Stephen F. Austin State University
Panel V 4.5: “Community and Memory in East Asia”
Saturday, November 2, 8:45 am – 10:00 am (10:45 pm – 12:00 am in Osaka, Japan)

Conference program here: https://www.swcas.net/

Scary Halloween

I call this series "Univer(sal)ity Capitalism: Built on the Bones of Faculty, Staff and Students" (October 2024).

AJJ 2024 @ Tohoku University: Community, Collaboration and Co-production. November 30 - December 1, 2024

Did you see me yesterday at the Koshien Stadium 100th Anniversary Celebration?

Photo sources:

https://koshien.hanshin.co.jp/classic_series_2024/

https://news.ntv.co.jp/category/sports/79a2b568dade4aeb8aaa449cd7ba2bb0

https://hochi.news/articles/20240801-OHT1T51271.html?mode=photo&photoid=1

https://hanshintigers.jp/news/topics/info_9492.html

A call out to my friends and colleagues, visual and multimodal anthropologists, cultural anthropologists, photographers & sake and tachinomiya lovers in Tokyo and the surrounding area; VAoJ is making a rare appearance in Tokyo for a special lecture:「The Intersections of the Sensory, Multimodal and Ba: The Tachinomi Project」Please share and spread the word...

Check it out!

July 17, 2024, 18:00-19:30
Room 402, 4F, Building 2
Sophia University, Tokyo

Abstract:「The Tachinomi Project」is a visual ethnography based upon the con- vergence of social science research and contemporary art. The project began with long-term participant-observation and a photographic exhibition featuring a 40-year-old tachinomiya (standing drink bar) in Osaka called Tenbun. The study sought to explore photography in public spaces, privacy and image ethics while showcasing a “grimy” (Farrer 2019) and stimulating atmosphere with colorful characters including the shop owner, employees and regular customers. The interactions with Tenbun collaborators and gallery audience at the exhibition became the first of several post-fieldwork encounters, leading to the re-positioning of the research into wider social and academic contexts during and after the COVID 19 pandemic. This present account utilizes reflexivity, autoethnographic vignettes (Stevens 2013) and photography to explore the intersections of the sensory (Pink 2013 [2009], multimodal (Collins et al. 2017), and ba (Kajimaru et al. 2021) of Tenbun and other eating and drinking establishments.

Click here for some background on the project.

Yoroshiku onegai shimasu.

Standing Drink Bar「Tenbun」Old Boys Reunion 立ち呑みの居酒屋「天文」O.B. 会

We were on the bus, traveling through the borderlands between Osaka and Kyoto Prefectures when the imojōchū began to kick in.

We had just finished an hour-and-a-half of “all you can eat/all you can drink” at a traditional izakaya banquet. This kind of gluttonous binging and imbibing pushes participants, especially those on a pensioner’s budget with little left over after pachinko and horse race betting activities, to extremes, to make sure they get their money’s worth. Since the food turned out to be only standard fare, we concentrated on the drinking: beer, sake (nihonshu) and sweet potato distilled liquor (imojōchū; usually 25-35% alcohol).

A half hour in we were getting livelier and louder, and receiving dirty looks and disapproving frowns from the shop staff and other customers. Our severs were stingy, only allowing us to order a new drink after giving up the empty vessel from the previous beverage. Some of us countered this policy by pouring alcohol into PET bottles and plastic bags for secret take-out. We drank steadily until the last order. Somehow, we all were able to stand, pay our portions of the bill, use the toilet and stumble to the return bus without too much trouble.

What started out as a gathering of long-lost friends taking a short trip on a privately rented bus with quiet small talk of recent illnesses, hospitalizations and deceased drinking companions, was now a drunken cacophony of laughing, shouting, quiz games and attempts at singing enka. We exited the bus at the Keihan Kuzuha train station, took a memorial photo and made our way to the shopping arcade, formerly the aged, everyman Norengai (“Noren Street”), home to several traditional eating and drinking establishments. Recently this arcade was gentrified and renamed “El Kuzuha.” The older shops, many of which closed due to COVID-19, were conveniently replaced with fashionable chain restaurants. We wandered through the corridors until deciding on an acceptable pub for our continued revelry.

This post-fieldwork encounter chronicles a reunion of the owner and regular customers (the O.B.s or Old Boys) of a 40-year-old tachinomiya (“standing drink bar”) in Osaka called Tenbun, that closed in 2020.

Imojōchū has a strong taste and pungent smell, even when mixed with ice and water. For me, drinking it results in a contemplative body buzz; but when combined with beer and sake, the odoriferous contemplation turns into a gregarious stupidity. Nonetheless, this can be fun with the right people at the right time.

The Tenbun O.B. reunion was such a righteous group and occasion.

After all, we were trying to resurrect something. Not a specific time, place, feeling, memory or dream. Something more, perhaps a sort of fluid liminal communitas (and I do not use these terms lightly) that, in the past, we could enter at will, or at least between Tenbun’s usual business hours Monday through Saturday. The hour of day (or night), people, circumstances, jokes, arguments, daily specials and drinks always varied and at the same time enmeshed to create this familiar something. Looking back, I can see how we took it for granted, the longest-term customers for as long as 40 years. But now we missed it. And we wanted it back, even if only for this one day.

Of course, none of the O.B.s explained the reunion in these terms, except for the over-analyzing anthropologist with a camera, soaking in another post-fieldwork experience. Ba…

To be continued…

Announcement: New Book Release「Teaching Japan: A Handbook」

Teaching Japan: A Handbook. Ioannis Gaitanidis and Gregory S. Poole, eds. 2024. Japan Documents (MHM Limited, Tokyo).

For more information: https://www.mhmjapandocuments.com/copy-of-handbook-of-jpn-public-admin

Perhaps of special interest to visual and multimodal anthropologists:

Chapter 15 The Visual Anthropology of Japan: In and Outside the Classroom, p. 243-258.

There are a lot of great chapters from excellent teachers, researchers and authors in this book. I am honored to have been included in Teaching Japan. And I am grateful to the editors (Ioannis and Greg) for their exceptional enthusiasm, encouragement, support and and hard work.

Announcement: VAoJ @Sophia University Institute of Comparative Culture 上智大学比較文化研究所「The Tachinomi Project」July 17, 2024

Dowload flyer here: https://www.icc-sophia.com/_files/ugd/2edff9_6a975eb58ccc4236ad4014881870fc43.pdf

SOPHIA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF COMPARATIVE CULTURE: https://www.icc-sophia.com/

Announcement:「A Primer on Deaf Communities in Japan: Identity, Sign Language and Diversity」@YCAPS, Getting to Know Japan Webinar (via Zoom) -- Thursday, June 20, 2024 at 19:00 (JST)

Accesss the meeting link here: https://www.ycaps.org/gtkj-a-primer-on-deaf-communities-japan

The program format is 30 minutes of lecture and 30 minutes of discussion. Of course it will be impossible to cover everything about this topic in such a short time. So the reading list below might be helpful.

Abstract: Are deaf people in Japan considered to be simply disabled, or an oppressed linguistic minority, or both? Specific recent actions, events and moments have greatly influenced and shed light on societal views and attitudes regarding deafness and disability such as the Tottori Prefecture ordinance recognizing and promoting sign language (2013), successful elections of deaf (2015) and disabled (2019, 2022) politicians, the Law to Eliminate Discrimination against People with Disabilities (2016), the Sagamihara care home massacre (2016) and the Paralympics in Japan (originally scheduled for 2020). How have deaf people themselves contributed or reacted to these happenings? This presentation, based on 25 years of ethnographic research, will be a brief overview of the situation(s) of contemporary deaf communities in Japan, with discussions of academic and social welfare models (deficit and cultural), identity (Deaf and deaf), intersectionality (diversity) and sign language use (Japanese Sign Language).

Keywords: Deaf/deaf, Japanese Sign Language, cultural model, deficit model, intersectionality

Suggested Reading List:

Fedorowicz, Steven C. 2023. “The Embodiment of the Deaf in Japan: A Set of Heuristic Models for Identity, Belonging and Sign Language Use.” In Anthropology through the Experience of the Physical Body, edited by K. Fushiki and R. Sakurada. Singapore: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-5724-8_4.

Fedorowicz, Steven C. 2021. “Barrier-Free Communication for the Deaf in Japan: A Local Initiative for Medical Interpretation Services in Japanese Sign Language.” Journal of Inquiry and Research 11: 319-337.

Available online: https://kansaigaidai.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/8036

Fedorowicz, Steven C. 2019. “Performance, Sign Language, and Deaf Identity in Japan.” Anthropology News website. DOI: 10.1111/AN.1182.

Available online: https://www.anthropology-news.org/articles/performance-sign-language-and-deaf-identity-in-japan/

Fedorowicz, Steven C. 2013. “How to Play Deaf in Japan” The Journal of Intercultural Studies 38: 17-25.

Fedorowicz, Steven C. 2006. “Living Partial Truths: HIV/AIDS in the Japanese Deaf World.” Deaf Worlds 22, Number 1 (Special Focused Edition: HIV/AIDS and Deaf Communities, edited by C. Schmaling and L. Monaghan): 197-221.

Mori, Soya and Atsubumi Sugimoto. 2019. “Progress and Problems in the Campaign for Sign Language Recognition in Japan.” In The Legal Recognition of Sign Languages, edited by M. De Meulder , J. J. Murray and R.L. McKeep. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters. DOI: 10.21832/9781788924016-008.

Nakamura, Karen. 2006. Deaf in Japan: Signing and the Politics of Identity. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

United Nations Economic and Social Commission For Asia and the Pacific. 2023 Sign Language, What Is It? An ESCAP Guide towards Legal Recognition of Sign Languages in Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok: United Nations.

Available online: https://www.unescap.org/kp/2022/sign-language-what-it-escap-guide-towards-legal-recognition-sign-languages-asia-and-pacific#

3D Art by Grace in the Tenbun Memorial Museum Annex

A shoe left behind, at the train station, in the morning...

post missing

Oh, what a difference a day (or, rather, a night of strong wind and rain) makes...

Yesterday:

Today:

Bonus Shot:

VAoJ Neighborhood Ohanami Cherry Blossoms X Jalan Jalan (105) Collaboration 2024

"Anthropology society apologizes to Ainu people over past actions"

Image and text from The Japan Times, 4/5/24.

The Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology has apologized and expressed its regret over its past research approach when dealing with the Ainu people, an indigenous group in the country.

It marks the first time that an academic society in Japan or abroad has apologized to the Ainu people, according to the Ainu Association of Hokkaido, a group of Ainu people working to promote their collective rights.

“That it has issued a sincere statement and apology is a step toward removing the distrust of academia,” a spokesperson for the association said.

The apology comes after a series of lawsuits filed in the 2010s seeking the repatriation of Ainu remains excavated for research purposes.

The society said that past mistakes resulting from the attitude that deemed research to be more important than respecting the Ainu people can never be undone. It sincerely acknowledges and regrets its past mistakes, it said.

The society also offered its apology and expressed its sense of responsibility to the Ainu people in the hope that they will lead to better communication with the group in the future.

“This statement does not arise from a selfish desire to impose something on the Ainu people. Nor is it issued to alleviate our own guilt,” Yoshinobu Ota, a member of the society's subcommittee on ethical issues related to Ainu studies, said in a news conference on Friday. “We want to use it as a starting point for communication and understanding, to learn about the questions and concerns the Ainu people continue to hold and what they want to know,” he added.

Shuji Iijima, the head of the society's ethics committee, also provided insight into the background of the apology. He said the society had been involved in various activities since 2022 to reflect introspectively on its past actions, including holding several symposiums to discuss its previous approach when conducting research into the Ainu people.

Iijima said that the committee had conducted interviews with a group of 36 Ainu people, consisting of 24 men and 12 women.

“In particular, it was mentioned that every time researchers visited, items disappeared from their homes,” he said. “Furthermore, it was noted that when researchers wanted to conduct research, they would come to consult the Ainu side, but when the Ainu people were in trouble, the researchers would not help.”

Iijima also said that the interviewees told him of unpleasant experiences in educational settings, such as the mishandling of materials they provided to classrooms.

“There were several who expressed a sense of resignation, saying that no matter how many times they spoke, researchers would not change anyway,” he said.

Ota said that examining researchers’ past involvement with the Ainu people further would be crucial for the academic society to decide on its future research approach, as researchers could face similar issues on ethics when dealing with indigenous people in other parts of the world.

It's not everyday that an anthropology academic association makes the news. This is a case of "too little, to late." It's unfortunate that anthropology doesn't make the news for all the good things...

Source: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/04/05/japan/society/anthropology-society-ainu-people/